They are able to recognise and respond to many universal, non-verbal signals including: helplessness, scolding, warnings, puzzlement, angry fixed stares, submission, avoidance, and modesty.
Gestural communications that they can understand include: pointing to the direction they are going to move to, waving, shrugging your shoulders, clasping and shaking their hand, and their recognition of OK when you give the OK sign.
Recognition of their loved ones and favourite foods, tactile and olfactory cues usually sustain their attention longer. Their heightened appreciation can be verified by yes or no answers to questions about their preferences. If they look confused, limiting the choices to two may be more effective than three options.
They need to be out of bed and standing or sitting 2 or 3 hours a day, which includes, but should not be limited to, eating. The hours usually need to be divided into 30- or 45-minute sessions to avoid fatigue. When the need to be upright and occupied is not met, persistent yelling 24 hours a day is apt to occur. A regular schedule for sitting and standing during the day usually prevents or reduces the yelling and restores circadian rhythms.