A section of the public that likes to think of these people as bums also likes to think that being a bigot is smart. Zero tolerance for such bad behaviour seems to be the best policy.

Health care professionals have played into the problem by making checklists of negative behaviours that are realistic problems for these people. The negatives must be balanced with some positives if we are ever going to overcome the attitudes behind poor funding.

The difference between will not and cannot is a slippery concept that is hard to nail down. It takes time, especially if there is an established pattern for blaming the patient for not taking better care of themselves. Realising that the thought of doing better never enters their mind because of a chemical malfunction in the brain is a strange idea at first. Once staff members catch on to the idea, the whole atmosphere on treatment units' change, but it takes a year of consistent, informal education.

The initial concern for most family and friends concerns their self-care and living arrangements, which are covered under those headings. Their loved ones are often desperate for ideas for activities that they can enjoy doing and those suggested here are recommended. Electronic games may be the relief of the future.

Aside from Gestalt psychology, the formation of the sense of being an individual has been largely ignored in psychology. Within ACL 4.0, the person is definitely with us, but their presence is filled with stereotypes.

Social Stereotypes

Being goal directed with the ability to classify or group actions into an activity results in the person being able to talk about what they would like to do. Ask them about they will like to do today.

The use of samples is the big change from ACL 3 to ACL 4. Rather than being ignored, the sample supplies the goal for goal-directed activities. Samples that are apt to capture their attention include patterns from nature (flowers, trees, landscapes, animals, birds, butterflies, etc.). They imitate the demonstrated directions to complete a goal using striking features. Within ACL 4.0, one feature is used at a time to do an activity and the sample is consulted at the beginning and guides their performance throughout the process.

Automatic actions are used to do most self-care activities. Activities are only done using one well-known method and demonstrations of alternative movement patterns may be ignored.

Gross Eye-Hand Coordination

Simple pinch and grasp positions are used to move objects around without making any, or very few, adjustments.

With a new physical disability, the difference in their movement patterns will probably be noticed but they may not be able to imitate a demonstration of a method for doing the movement differently. Familiar objects may be held and used inflexibly.

Linear information is classified as horizontal, vertical or curved, but the words they use may be simpler, such as in a row, in line or stacked up. They work on a flat surface and seldom think of looking on the back of something like a piece of paper. A horizontal stripe seems to be the first design to enter the scale within ACL 4.0.

Goal-directed activities are important clinical measures of independence because the person knows what the next step is. Opportunities to have something to do and keeping them busy have to be fought for as a basic human right. Waiting to die is the alternative. With our help, they can enjoy life.

Within ACL 4.0, the person is able to classify actions into a group directed activity. Activities have a start, middle and an end.